Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½: Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° β ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½
ΠΠ΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²ΡΠΉΡΠ΅, ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΡΠ·ΡΡ! Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎ-Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π― Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈ Π²Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π΅. Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π²Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.
Π‘Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΠΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²:
- ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ,
- ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ,
- ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅,
- ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
Π Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ:
ΠΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°
ΠΠ½Π°Π΅ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ? Π― ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π°, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·. ΠΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ , ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π·Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅:
- Π£Π±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΡ;
- Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ;
- ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅;
- ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π³Π»Π°Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π°Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ». Π₯ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³.
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Ρ Π°Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
Π‘Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ°Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ, ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΡΠΌΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ±Ρ, Π³Π»Π°Π·Π°, ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ.
Π§Π΅ΡΠ΅Π· 5 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅ 30 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. Π‘Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π²Π΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ°ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ? ΠΠ²Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π° Π² Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ 1 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ.
Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ
ΠΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° β Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡ Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·Π°? ΠΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π·Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ.
ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΅
ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π²Ρ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ.
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, Β«Π³ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π»Π°ΠΏΠΊΠΈΒ» ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΈΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡ ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°
ΠΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅, ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΏΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡ β ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅.
ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅. Π Π°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Ρ Π²ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ β Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ 15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΎΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ.
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ, Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΡΡ.
ΠΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½ΡΡΡ, ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π°Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΏΠΈ. Π Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ.
ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ
Π‘ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°Π» ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ 30 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ Π² Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ. Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ².
Π£Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ
Π¦ΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅-Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ, Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Β«ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°Β», ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ. ΠΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ°Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π².
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ . Π§Π°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ±ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ . Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Π° Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ 60 Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΡΠΎΠ².
Π ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ. Π Π²ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΡ 70 %. Π Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅-Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π΅Π³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ².
Π¦ΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π12. Π Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ, Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΌ, Π²Π΅Π³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° — ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π°. Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° Π·Π°Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎ Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ·Ρ.
ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Ρ. ΠΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ. Π‘ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄.
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΅:
- ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ. Π‘ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ . Π£Π»ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΡ.
- ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Ρ, Π°ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, ΡΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ. ΠΠ·Π±Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½Ρ.
- ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π. Π£Π»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄ΡΡ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΡ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ.
- Π Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ». ΠΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ. ΠΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ» ΡΠ°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌ Π°ΠΊΠ½Π΅.
- ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ Π±Π°Π»Π°Π½Ρ.
- Π€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΏΡΡ.
- ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π‘. ΠΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°.
- Π€ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡ, ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·ΠΎ, ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½, ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
- ΠΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ. Π£Π»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°.
ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ. Π Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ-Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π΅. ΠΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΡ.
Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ
ΠΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ 4-5 ΡΠ°Π· Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π² Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅, ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½Π΅Π²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ, Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π½ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ :
- ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΠΊΡ.
- ΠΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ 15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ.
- ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄Ρ.
- Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π³Π»Π°Π·Π° ΠΈ Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ±Ρ.
- Π‘ΠΌΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ.
- ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌ.
- ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ.
Π Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ
Π‘ΡΡ Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ° Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π²Π»Π°Π³Ρ. Π‘ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠ΅Π· Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ.
ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ Π²Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ. Π’Π°Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ Π² Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ:
- 2 ΡΠ°Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ°;
- 30 ΠΌΠ» Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ;
- 20 Π³ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΡΠ°.
ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ. Π ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²:
- ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ;
- 10 ΠΌΠ» ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°;
- ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π°;
- 15 Π³ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΊ.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³. Π‘ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 30 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ.
Π£Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π° Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΄Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π² Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ. Π Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ. Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²:
- ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ;
- 30 Π³ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π΄ΠΎ;
- 15 Π³ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ;
- 30 ΠΌΠ» Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ;
- 5 ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°.
ΠΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Ρ Π³Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π΄ΠΎ. ΠΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ. ΠΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° 25 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ, Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ Π΅Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΡ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ
ΠΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ — ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ° ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΡ. Π§Π°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Ρ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ:
- ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° 15 Π³ ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ². Π§Π΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡ.
- Π‘ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ.
- 5 Π³ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Ρ. ΠΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° 15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ
ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ·ΡΠ²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ:
- 4 ΡΠ°Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ;
- ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ;
- Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΡΡΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΉΡΠ°;
- ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ.
ΠΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ. Π‘ΠΌΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ.
ΠΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ
ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ. ΠΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π° Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½Π°.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ:
- ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ;
- 15 Π³ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ;
- ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Ρ;
- 10 ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°.
ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π‘ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° 25 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π· Π² Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ.
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ²:
- ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ;
- 20 Π³ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π±Π°Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ;
- ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΊ (Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 30%), ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΉ;
- 10 Π³ ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°.
ΠΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ 20 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌ.
ΠΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ . ΠΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅. ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ Π² Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ»ΡΠ²ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ²Π°Π».
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ:
- 10 Π³ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°;
- 5 ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°;
- 4 ΡΠ°Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ;
- 10 ΠΌΠ» Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°;
- 3 ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π.
Π ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π½Π΅. Π‘Π½ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΠ³Π½Ρ, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ Π»Π°. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅, ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΡ Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
Π‘ΠΌΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ°Π· Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ.
ΠΡΠ·ΡΠ²Ρ ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ·ΡΠ²Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎ. Π Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ, ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ. Π‘ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΡ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ. Π ΠΎΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π»Π°. Π£ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ — Π΅Π΅ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ. ΠΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ.
ΠΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ β ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ° Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°.
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ.
Π£ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ: Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ². ΠΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ². Π£ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½, Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΏΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½.
ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ: Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π½Π° Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΄, Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ.
ΠΠΎΠΆΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½Π°. ΠΡΠΎΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π·Π° Π΅Π΅ Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅Π² ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°.
ΠΠΎΠ·ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ:
ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ β 2 ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ;
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° β 4 Ρ.Π».;
Π‘ΠΎΠΊ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π° β 0,5 Ρ.Π».;
ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π — 1-2 ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ»Ρ;
Π§ΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°.
Π§Π΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½. Π ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° 1-2 ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π, Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊ, ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ ΠΈ
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ (Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ)
Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡΒ ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ.
ΠΠ·Β ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΒ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ Π²Ρ ΡΠ·Π½Π°Π΅ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΠ΅Π²Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΡ Β Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΒ Β ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΒ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ.Β ΠΡΡΡ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Β«ΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Π° Β Π½Π΅Π±Π΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΒ», ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π² ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ»Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ.
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°- ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅-Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Ρ.
ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·Π° ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ
Π ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 2000 ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅). ΠΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°.
ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Π΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.
Π’Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΈΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ.
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Β«ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉΒ» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ. ΠΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π· ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ, Π° Π² ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉΒ ΠΈΒ Π±ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ.
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΒ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ.
Π Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Β ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ- Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ. ΠΡΠ° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΒ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ³ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ .
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°Β ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ.
Π― Π·Π΄Π΅ΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡ- ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π² Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ!
Π ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ, ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½.
Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΒ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°.
Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ (Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ)
ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ , ΠΊΡΠΎ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ, Ρ Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ.
Π¨Π°Π³ 1. Π‘ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ.
ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΡ Π²Π·ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ? ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅. Π Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ- ΠΌΠ°Π³Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π΅. ΠΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΏΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ Π² Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅.
ΠΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ»Π°Ρ . Π― ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ»Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π² ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΡ.
Π― Π±Π΅ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ 2-3 ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ»Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠ°Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ , ΡΠΎ ΠΈΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΡΡΠΏΠΊΠ΅.
ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΡ Π²Π·ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ? ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π»Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°- ΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Β«Π§Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π»Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°Β«).
ΠΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ±Π΅ΡΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠΊΡ ΠΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°.
ΠΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΒ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π° Π»ΡΠ±Π²ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π·Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ β ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅.
ΠΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΠΉΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Β ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ.
Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π² ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ°Π·, Π²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΉΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
Π¨Π°Π³ 2. ΠΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ, ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π° 20 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠΉΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ.
Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΉΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Π²Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ.
Π¨Π°Π³ 3. Π‘ΠΌΠΎΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ. Π― ΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ.
Π¨Π°Π³ 4. ΠΠ°ΡΠ»Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΠΉΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ!
ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ°? Π Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΆΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π»Π° ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ. ΠΠ°Π΄Π° Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ.
Π― ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π°. ΠΠΎ Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ Π² Π±Π°Π½Π΅. Π ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ»Π°Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ»Π°Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°!
ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ?
ΠΡΠ±ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡ (ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π΅Π΅ Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ - ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ³ΡΠ΅ΠΉ) Β Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ 10 ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²- Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ½Π° Β«ΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΎΡ Π½ΡΠ»Π° Β» ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 2-3 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ.
Π― ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΅-ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΒ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅.
ΠΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅-ΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡΒ ΡΠ΅, ΠΊΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΊ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΌ,Β ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠΉΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΒ Β Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ.
ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ.
ΠΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠ°ΠΌ ΠΠ»Π°Π³!
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ (Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ) Β Β 9 Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²
Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ°: 3.8 ΠΈΠ· 5
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Splatensis
ΠΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΊ, ΡΠ³ΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ½Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², ΠΎΠ½Π° Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΅Ρ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄.
Π‘ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ Π² ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ β ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π»ΠΈΡΠ°.
ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅?
ΠΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π½Π΅Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°-6 ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅. ΠΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅, Π° ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ , ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°Ρ Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ, Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·, ΡΠ·Π²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ ΠΈ Ρ.Π΄.
ΠΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ , ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π° ΡΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ β ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ. ΠΠ½ ΠΎΡΠ±Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ³ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ , Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ.
Π ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡ:
Π ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π°Ρ;
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°SPLATENSIS Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅Β β 1 ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ°;
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠΆΠ°.
Π Π°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π° 15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΎΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ: ΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅Π΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡ, Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ β ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΠ½Π΅.
90000 10 Health Benefits of Spirulina 90001 90002 Spirulina is among the world’s most popular supplements. 90003 90002 It is loaded with various nutrients and antioxidants that may benefit your body and brain. 90003 90002 Here are 10 evidence-based health benefits of spirulina. 90003 90002 Spirulina is an organism that grows in both fresh and salt water. 90003 90002 It is a type of cyanobacteria, which is a family of single-celled microbes that are often referred to as blue-green algae. 90003 90002 Just like plants, cyanobacteria can produce energy from sunlight via a process called photosynthesis.90003 90002 Spirulina was consumed by the ancient Aztecs but became popular again when NASA proposed that it could be grown in space for use by astronauts (1). 90003 90002 A standard daily dose of spirulina is 1-3 grams, but doses of up to 10 grams per day have been used effectively. 90003 90002 This tiny alga is packed with nutrients. A single tablespoon (7 grams) of dried spirulina powder contains (2): 90003 90020 90021 90022 Protein: 90023 4 grams 90024 90021 90022 Vitamin B1 (thiamine): 90023 11% of the RDA 90024 90021 90022 Vitamin B2 (riboflavin): 90023 15% of the RDA 90024 90021 90022 Vitamin B3 (niacin): 90023 4% of the RDA 90024 90021 90022 Copper: 90023 21% of the RDA 90024 90021 90022 Iron: 90023 11% of the RDA 90024 90021 It also contains decent amounts of magnesium, potassium and manganese and small amounts of almost every other nutrient that you need.90024 90047 90002 In addition, the same amount holds only 20 calories and 1.7 grams of digestible carbs. 90003 90002 Gram for gram, spirulina may be the single most nutritious food on the planet. 90003 90002 A tablespoon (7 grams) of spirulina provides a small amount of fat — around 1 gram — including both omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in an approximately 1.5-1.0 ratio. 90003 90002 The quality of the protein in spirulina is considered excellent — comparable to eggs. It gives all the essential amino acids that you need.90003 90002 It is often claimed that spirulina contains vitamin B12, but this is false. It has pseudovitamin B12, which has not been shown to be effective in humans (3, 4). 90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 Spirulina is a type of blue-green algae that grows in both salt and fresh water. It may be one of the most nutrient-dense foods on earth. 90061 90002 Oxidative damage can harm your DNA and cells. 90003 90002 This damage can drive chronic inflammation, which contributes to cancer and other diseases (5).90003 90002 Spirulina is a fantastic source of antioxidants, which can protect against oxidative damage. 90003 90002 Its main active component is called phycocyanin. This antioxidant substance also gives spirulina its unique blue-green color. 90003 90002 Phycocyanin can fight free radicals and inhibit production of inflammatory signaling molecules, providing impressive antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects (6, 7, 8). 90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 Phycocyanin is the main active compound in spirulina.It has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. 90061 90002 Heart disease is the world’s leading cause of death. 90003 90002 Many risk factors are linked to an increased risk of heart disease. 90003 90002 As it turns out, spirulina positively impacts many of these factors. For example, it can lower total cholesterol, «bad» LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, while raising «good» HDL cholesterol. 90003 90002 In a study in 25 people with type 2 diabetes, 2 grams of spirulina per day significantly improved these markers (9).90003 90002 Another study in people with high cholesterol determined that 1 gram of spirulina per day lowered triglycerides by 16.3% and «bad» LDL by 10.1% (10). 90003 90002 Several other studies have found favorable effects — though with higher doses of 4.5-8 grams per day (11, 12). 90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 Studies indicate that spirulina can lower triglycerides and «bad» LDL cholesterol and may simultaneously raise «good» HDL cholesterol. 90061 90002 Fatty structures in your body are susceptible to oxidative damage.90003 90002 This is known as lipid peroxidation, a key driver of many serious diseases (13, 14). 90003 90002 For example, one of the key steps in the development of heart disease is the oxidation of «bad» LDL cholesterol (15). 90003 90002 Interestingly, the antioxidants in spirulina appear to be particularly effective at reducing lipid peroxidation in both humans and animals (16, 17). 90003 90002 In a study in 37 people with type 2 diabetes, 8 grams of spirulina per day significantly reduced markers of oxidative damage.It also increased levels of antioxidant enzymes in the blood (18). 90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 Fatty structures in your body can become oxidized, driving the progression of many diseases. The antioxidants in spirulina can help prevent this. 90061 90002 Some evidence suggests that spirulina has anti-cancer properties. 90003 90002 Research in animals indicates that it can reduce cancer occurrence and tumor size (19, 20). 90003 90002 Spirulina’s effects on oral cancer — or cancer of the mouth — have been particularly well studied.90003 90002 One study examined 87 people from India with precancerous lesions — called oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) — in the mouth. 90003 90002 Among those who took 1 gram of spirulina per day for one year, 45% saw their lesions disappear — compared to only 7% in the control group (21). 90003 90002 When these people stopped taking spirulina, almost half of them redeveloped lesions in the following year. 90003 90002 In another study of 40 individuals with OSMF lesions, 1 gram of spirulina per day led to greater improvement in OSMF symptoms than the drug Pentoxyfilline (22).90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 Spirulina may have anti-cancer properties and appears especially effective against a type of precancerous lesion of the mouth called OSMF. 90061 90002 High blood pressure is a main driver of many serious diseases, including heart attacks, strokes and chronic kidney disease. 90003 90002 While 1 gram of spirulina is ineffective, a dose of 4.5 grams per day has been shown to reduce blood pressure in individuals with normal levels (10, 11). 90003 90002 This reduction is thought to be driven by an increased production of nitric oxide, a signaling molecule that helps your blood vessels relax and dilate (23).90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 A higher dose of spirulina may lead to lower blood pressure levels, a major risk factor for many diseases. 90061 90002 Allergic rhinitis is characterized by inflammation in your nasal passageways. 90003 90002 It is triggered by environmental allergens, such as pollen, animal hair or even wheat dust. 90003 90002 Spirulina is a popular alternative treatment for symptoms of allergic rhinitis, and there is evidence that it can be effective (24). 90003 90002 In one study in 127 people with allergic rhinitis, 2 grams per day dramatically reduced symptoms like nasal discharge, sneezing, nasal congestion and itching (25).90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 Spirulina supplements are very effective against allergic rhinitis, reducing various symptoms. 90061 90002 There are many different forms of anemia. 90003 90002 The most common one is characterized by a reduction in hemoglobin or red blood cells in your blood. 90003 90002 Anemia is fairly common in older adults, leading to prolonged feelings of weakness and fatigue (26). 90003 90002 In a study in 40 older people with a history of anemia, spirulina supplements increased the hemoglobin content of red blood cells and improved immune function (27).90003 90002 Keep in mind that this is just one study. More research is needed before any recommendations can be made. 90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 One study suggests that spirulina can reduce anemia in older adults, though more research is needed. 90061 90002 Exercise-induced oxidative damage is a major contributor to muscle fatigue. 90003 90002 Certain plant foods have antioxidant properties that can help athletes and physically active individuals minimize this damage. 90003 90002 Spirulina appears beneficial, as some studies pointed to improved muscle strength and endurance.90003 90002 In two studies, spirulina enhanced endurance, significantly increasing the time it took for people to become fatigued (28, 29). 90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 Spirulina may provide multiple exercise benefits, including enhanced endurance and increased muscle strength. 90061 90002 Animal studies link spirulina to significantly lower blood sugar levels. 90003 90002 In some cases, it has outperformed popular diabetes drugs, including Metformin (30, 31, 32). 90003 90002 There is also some evidence that spirulina can be effective in humans.90003 90002 In a two-month study in 25 people with type 2 diabetes, 2 grams of spirulina per day led to an impressive reduction in blood sugar levels (9). 90003 90002 HbA1c, a marker for long-term blood sugar levels, decreased from 9% to 8%, which is substantial. Studies estimate that a 1% reduction in this marker can lower the risk of diabetes-related death by 21% (33). 90003 90002 However, this study was small and short in duration. More studies are necessary. 90003 90058 90022 Summary 90023 Some evidence suggests that spirulina may benefit people with type 2 diabetes, significantly reducing fasting blood sugar levels.90061 90002 Spirulina is a type of cyanobacteria — often referred to as blue-green algae — that is incredibly healthy. 90003 90002 It may improve your levels of blood lipids, suppress oxidation, reduce blood pressure and lower blood sugar. 90003 90002 While more research is needed before any strong claims can be made, spirulina may be one of the few superfoods worthy of the title. 90003 90002 If you want to give this supplement a try, it’s widely available in stores and online. 90003.90000 Spirulina 90001 90002 Publicat la data de: 04 Octombrie 2011 | Actualizat la data de: 03 Decembrie 2015 90003 90002 Spirulina este o alga in forma de spirala bogata in substante nutritive, descoperita in lacurile naturale alcaline din America de Sud si Africa. Timp de secole acasta planta a reprezentat o parte importanta a regimului alimentar al multor comunitati.Din 1970 spirulina a fost din ce in ce mai mult studiata si cunoscuta, fiind utilizata pe scara larga ca supliment alimentar. 90003 90002 Spirulina are un continut ridicat de proteine ββvegetale (50-63%) — de trei sau patru ori mai mare decat cel intalnit in carnea de peste sau cea de vita — si multiple vitamine (depaseste cu 3-4 ori cantaitatea de vitamina B12 intalnita in ficatul de animale) care lipsesc in mod normal in cazul unei diete vegetariene. Spirulina contine minerale (fier, potasiu, sodiu, magneziu, fosfor, calciu, etc.), Are un nivel important de betacaroten ce are rolul de a proteja celulele (de 5 ori mai mare decat morcovii si de 40 de ori decat spanacul), un volum crescut de acid gama-linoleic (care reduce colesterolul si previne aparitia bolilor de inima ) si ficocianina (substanta gasita in spirulina care inhiba formarea cancerului de colon) etc. 90003 90008 Beneficiile spirulinei si scaderea in greutate 90009 Sus 90002 Printre cele mai importante si benefice efecte ale spirulinei pentru sanatate (in cazul consumului regulat al acestei plante) se regaseste, fara indoiala si pierderea in greutate.Scaderea numarului de kilograme se va face natural, iar corpului ii vor fi furnizate toate vitaminele importante, aminoacizi si substante nutritive pentru organism, precum si proteinele necesare. 90003 90002 Spirulina nu contine zahar si carbohidrati. Aceasta actioneaza ca un inhibitor puternic al apetitului si reduce considerabil greutatea corporala, in timp. Desigur, consumul de spirulina trebuie insotit de o dieta sanatoasa, naturala, in care se poate consuma ceai verde si alte produse alimentare ce pot contribui la o scadere sanatoasa si treptata in greutate.90003 90002 O alta calitate a spirulinei este aceea ca aceasta poate corecta anemia in cazul copiilor subnutriti. Spirulina este de asemenea, foarte eficienta impotriva melanozei si keratozei cauzate de intoxicatia cronica cu arsenic. 90003 90002 Printre 90017 alte efecte benefice ale spirulinei 90018 se enumera: 90019 — protejeaza impotriva febrei fanului si reduce inflamatia declansata de artrita 90019 — ajuta la reducerea nivelului de colesterol si trigliceride rele din sange, imbunatatind, in general, sanatatea cardiovasculara datorita faptului ca este o sursa rara de acid linoleic (care mai este prezent in laptele matern) 90019 — ajuta la diminuarea problemelor provocate de diabetul de tip 2, scazand nivelurile de zahar din sange 90019 — are efect antioxidant, diminuand degradarea muschilor si epuizarea dupa exercitiile fizice, imbunatatind starea generala de sanatate.90003 90002 Desi ofera multiple beneficii, spirulina contine un aminoacid numit fenilalanina care trebuie evitat de persoanele care au fost diagnosticate cu fenilcetonurile — tulburare metabolica in cazul careia organismul nu poate metaboliza o serie de aminoacizi, rezultatul fiind afectarea creierului. 90003 90002 In cazuri foarte rare, spirulina ar putea contine o toxina numita microcistina care poate provoca boli de ficat, inclusiv cancer. Din pacate, nu exista standarde care sa reglementeze consumul spirulinei in siguranta, insa microcistina este o toxina extrem de rara si nu ar trebui sa reprezinte un semnal de alarma.90019 Beneficiile spirulinei depasesc posibilele dezavantaje. De aceea, consumul de spirulina este indicat pentru echilibrarea nivelului de multivitamine din organism. 90003 90008 Cum ar trebui pastrata spirulina? 90009 Sus 90002 Suplimentele de spirulina se vor pastra la temperatura camerei, ferite de umezeala sau poluare pentru a nu se diminua efectele sale benefice. Indicat ar fi ca o data ce a fost desfacut ambalajul, comprimatele de spirulina sa nu fie pastrate mai mult de trei luni.Dupa utilizare vor fi depozitate in cutia originala, departe de orice sursa de caldura si lumina puternica. 90003 90008 Cine ar trebui sa utilizeze spirulina? 90009 Sus 90002 Suplimentele cu spirulina sunt indicate: 90019 — copiilor care nu mananca suficiente legume sau au o alimentatie dezechilibrata 90019 — adolescentilor, in timpul perioadelor de crestere rapida dari si celor care au nevoie de suplimente de substante nutritive 90019 — femeile insarcinate 90019 — persoanele in varsta care nu pot beneficia de un regim alimentar regulat si echilibrat 90019 — persoanele care sunt solicitate din punct de vedere fizic, pentru ca nivelul lor de energie sa fie ridicat 90019 — personanele cu un program de activitati foarte incarcat ce nu le permite sa aiba mese regulate si o dieta echilibrata 90019 — persoanele care sufera de diferite boli si necesita un volum ridicat de substante nutritive utile in procesul recuperarii 90019 — vegetarienii care au nevoie de surse suplimentare de nutrienti 90019 — persoanele care se confrunta, in mod curent, cu febra ridicata.90003 90002 90017 Ce cantitati de spirulina sunt recomandate? 90018 90019 Specialistii recomanda sa se administreze 5-10 tablete de spirulina pe zi pentru adulti si 3-5 tablete pe zi in cazul copiilor sub 12 ani. Totusi, este indicat sa se consulte medicul inainte de a se utiliza orice fel de medicament sau supliment alimentar. 90003 90002 90017 Cum se va administra spirulina? 90018 90019 Spirulina se va administra cu putina apa (nu suc, ceai, cafea sau bauturi racoritoare) si timp de 30 de minute se vor evita bauturile racoritoare, alcoolice sau cafeaua, deoarece acestea pot distruge o parte din nutrientii si enzimele din spirulina.Pe parcursul tratamentului cu spirulina se va bea o jumatate de litru de apa in plus, pe zi pentru a ajuta organismul sa o absoarba. 90003 90002 Spirulina este un produs complet natural si nu declanseaza, in mod normal, reactii adverse. Chiar daca intervine supradozajul, nu va exista nici un pericol pentru organism. Totusi unele persoane pot experimenta urmatoarele simptome dupa ce au utilizat spirulina: 90019 — febra moderata, in urma procesului de ardere a proteinelor suplimentare din organism 90019 — ameteli usoare, caz in care se va micsora cantitatea de spirulina administrata, iar daca simptomul nu dispare se intrerupe administrarea 90019 — sete si constipatie 90019 — dureri de stomac 90019 — mancarimi ale pielii sau eruptii cutanate minore 90003 90008 Spirulina este un produs alimentar sau un medicament? 90009 Sus 90002 In cele mai multe dintre cazuri, alaturi de spirulina pentru tratarea unor boli, medicul va prescrie si alte tratamente medicamentoase.Spirulina nu este un medicament, insa atunci cand este folosita ca sursa suplimentara de nutrienti poate preveni aparitia unor afectiuni ce au la baza deficiente nutritionale. Cercetarile medicale au demonstrat deja ca spirulina ofera beneficii organismului uman, contribuind la echilibrul si sanatatea acestuia. 90003 90002 Spirulina este utilizata si in industria cosmetic, avand o capacitate sporita de penetrare a pielii. Efectele sale sunt de regenerare, revitalizare, calmare si netezire a ridurilor, eliminand petele si iritatiile tesutului cutanat.Cremele si lotiunile pe baza de spirulina sunt recomandate spre utilizare in sezonul rece, cand pielea este sensibilizata de factorii externi agresivi (vant uscat, ger etc.). Acestea se aplica in strat subtire, pentru o absorbtie progresiva. 90003 90019 90070 Medici specialisti Medicina alternativa 90071 .90000 Spirulina — microbewiki 90001 90002 90003 A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus 90004 Spirulina 90005 90006 90007 90008 90009 90010 Classification 90011 90012 Higher order taxa: 90013 90002 Bacteria; Cyanobacteria; Oscillatoriales 90008 90012 Species: 90013 90002 90004 Spirulina laxissima, S. platensis, S. subsalsa 90005 90008 90010 Description and Significance 90011 90002 When they were first discovered, 90004 Spirulina 90005 were thought to be eukaryotes.It was believed they were a type of fungi. However, both phylogenetic and morphological analysis illustrate that these organisms are definitely bacteria. Many genera of cyanobacteria are harmful to humans. 90004 Spirulina 90005, however, are unique not only in that they are edible, but also because they provide many health benefits. 90008 90010 Genome Structure 90011 90002 Presently, there is not an extensive body of research on the 90004 Spirulina 90005 genome structure. 90008 90010 Cell Structure and Metabolism 90011 90038 90002 90004 Spirulina 90005 are Gram-negative, with soft cell walls that consist of complex sugars and protien.They are undifferentiated and filamentous. 90004 Spirulina 90005 can be rod- or disk-shaped. Their main photosynthetic pigment is phycocyanin, which is blue in color. These bacteria also contain chlorophyll a and carotenoids. Some contain the pigment phycoythrin, giving the bacteria a red or pink color. 90004 Spirulina 90005 also have gas vesicles, giving them bouyancy in the aquatic environments they inhabit. 90004 Spirulina 90005 are photosynthetic, and therefore autotrophic. 90004 Spirulina 90005 reproduce by binary fission.90008 90010 Ecology 90011 90002 90004 Spirluina 90005 are aquatic organisms, typically inhabiting freshwater alkaline lakes. However, there are marine species as well. They are mesophilic, and able to survive over a wide range of temperatures; some species are even found in hot springs. 90004 Spriulina 90005 is an edible bacteria. Flamingos get their pink color from eating 90004 Spirulina 90005 that contain phycoythrin. Humans also eat this bacteria. It is known that the Aztecs consumed it regularly, and it may be an important dietary element in tropical areas.It is also used in Asian cusine. In America, 90004 Spirulina 90005 is sold in health food stores as a powder or tablet. In Russia, it was approved to treat symptoms of radiation sickness after Chernobyl, because the carotenoids they contain absorb radiation. Evidence shows that it is capable of stopping viral replication. It prevents the virus from penetrating a cell wall and infecting the cell. 90004 Spirulina 90005 also increase the production of cytokines. This benefit comes from the antioxidants present within the organisms.90004 Spirulina 90005 are an excellent source of both protein and iron, and are useful in the treatment of anemia. They can also act as a food source for intestinal flora such as 90004 Lactobacillus 90005 and 90004 Bifidus 90005. Research by Wang et. al. (2005) that this bacteria also slows neurological damage in aging animals, and notes that it can lessen the damage caused by stroke. Studies also show that 90004 Spirulina 90005 can prevent the release of histamines, treating allergy symptoms.90004 Spriulina 90005 has nonmedical uses as well. A study by Chen and Pan (2005) shows that the bacteria can remove low concentrations of lead from wastewater. Research by da Costa and de Franca (2003) illustrates that 90004 Spirulina 90005 is also capable of removing cadmium from its environment. 90008 90077 90010 References 90011 90002 Australian Spirulina. «How To Compare Spirulina.» Accessed 27 July 2005. 90008 90002 Chen, Hong and Shan-Shan Pan. «Bioremediation potential of spirulina: toxicity and biosorption studies of lead.»90004 Journal of Zhejiang University Science 90005. 2005 6B (3): 171-174. 90008 90002 da Costa, Antonio Carlos Augusto, and Francisca Pessoa de Franca. «Cadmium Interaction with Microalgal Cells, Cyanobacterial Cells, and Seaweeds; Toxicology and Biotechnological Potential for Wastewater Treatment.» Mar. Biotechnol. 5, 149-156, 2003. 90008 90002 Dennis Kunkel Microscopy, Inc. 90008 90002 Gemma, Carmelina, Michael H. Mesches, Boris Sepesi, Kevin Choo, Douglas B. Holmes, and Paula C. Bickford.»Diets Enriched in Foods with High Antioxidant Activity Reverse Age-Induced Decreases in Cerebellar Beta-Adrengenic Function and Increases in Proinflammatory Cytokines.» The Journal of Neuroscience, July 15, 2002 22 (14): 6114-6120. 90008 90002 Kolenzo, Richard and Ronald Henson. «Spirulina: Nutrition and Health Studies.» 90004 Distant Star 90005. May 1997. Accessed 27 July 2005. 90008 90002 Mao, T.K., J. Van de Water, and M.E. Gershwin. «Effects of a Spirulina-Based Dietary Supplement on Cytokine Production from Allergic Rhinitis Patients.»J Med Food 8 (1) 2005, 27-30. 90008 90002 Speer, Brian R. «Cyanobacteria: Life History and Ecology.» Accessed 27 July 2005. 90008 90002 Spiller, Susan, Greg Denbeaux, Gideon Jones, and Angelic Lucero Pearson. «Fine structure of Cyanobacteria, Spirulina platensis and Spirulina subsalsa, as viewed by x-ray microscope, XM-1, beamline 6.1.2.» 90008 90002 University of Maryland Medical Center. «Spirulina.» April 2002. Accessed 28 July 2005. 90008 90002 Wang Yun, Chen-Fu Chang, Jenny Chou, Hui-Ling Chen, Xiaolin Deng, Brandon K.Harvey, Jean Lud Cadet, and Paula C. Bickford. «Dietary supplementation with blueberries, spinach, or spirulina reduces ischemic brain damage.» 90004 Experimental Neurology. 90005 193 (2005) 75 84. 90008 90002 Waterbury, John B. «The Cyanobacteria — Isolation, Purification, and Identification.» 90004 The Prokaryotes 90005. Release 3.0 Accessed 28 July 2005. 90008 .90000 Spirulina Benefits & Information (Arthrospira Platensis) 90001 90002 Spirulina is a simple one-celled microscopic blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria). There are two species, Arthrospira platensis and Arthrospira maxima. The Arthrospira platensis and Arthrospira maxima species were once classified in the genus Spirulina. There is now agreement that they are in fact Arthrospira; nevertheless, and somewhat confusingly, the older term Spirulina remains in use for historical reasons. 90003 90004 90005 90002 Arthrospira is cultivated worldwide; used as a dietary supplement as well as a whole food; and is also available in tablet, flake and powder form.Under a microscope, spirulina appears as long, thin, blue-green spiral threads. The odor and taste of spirulina is similar to seaweed. 90003 90008 Environment 90009 90002 Spirulina can be found in many freshwater environments, including ponds, lakes, and rivers. It thrives best under pesticide-free conditions with plenty of sunlight and moderate temperature levels, but it is also highly adaptable, surviving even in extreme conditions. More than 25,000 species of algae live everywhere — in water, in soils, on rocks, on plants.They range in size from a single cell to giant kelp over 150 feet long. Macroalgae are large like seaweeds. Microalgae are microscopic. Ocean microalgae, called phytoplankton, are the base of the ocean food web. 90003 90008 Nutritional value 90009 90002 Spirulina is often deemed the most nutritionally complete of all food supplements, containing a rich supply of many important nutrients, including protein, complex carbohydrates, iron, and vitamins A, K, and B complex. It also has a high supply of carotenoids such as beta carotene and yellow xanthophylls which have antioxidant properties.It is also rich in chlorophyll, fatty and nucleic acids, and lipids. Thus, spirulina has countless uses as a supplement for maintaining good health and for preventing diseases. 90003 90004 90005 90018 Iron 90019 90002 Iron is essential to build a strong system, yet is the most common mineral deficiency. Spirulina is rich in iron, magnesium and trace minerals, and is easier to absorb than iron supplements. 90003 90018 B-12 90019 90002 Spirulina is the highest source of 90025 Vitamin B-12 90026, essential for healthy nerves and tissue, especially for vegetarians.Having said that, there does seem to be lots of evidence that the B12 is in a slightly different form than that which can easily be absorbed by humans, so it is debatable how much good this B12 will do you. It seems to be only B12 that has this absorption issue. The rest of the nutrients in Spirulina do seem to be bio-actively available to the body. 90003 90008 Anti-cancer protection 90009 90002 Spirulina is the richest 90025 beta carotene 90026 food, with a full spectrum of ten mixed carotenoids.About half are orange carotenes: alpha, beta and gamma and half are yellow xanthophylls. They work synergistically at different sites in our body to enhance antioxidant protection. Twenty years of research proves eating beta carotene rich fruits and vegetables gives us real anti-cancer protection. Synthetic beta carotene has not always shown these benefits. Research in Israel showed natural beta carotene from algae was far more effective. Natural is better assimilated and contains the key 9-cis isomer, lacking in synthetic.As suspected, natural carotenoids in algae and vegetables have the most antioxidant and anti-cancer power. 90003 90008 Anti-ageing 90009 90002 Spirulina is an ideal anti-aging food; concentrated nutrient value, easily digested and loaded with antioxidants. Beta carotene is good for 90025 healthy eyes 90026 and vision. Spirulina beta carotene is ten times more concentrated than carrots. 90003 90008 Healthy Dieting with Spirulina 90009 90002 About 60% of dry weight spirulina is 90025 protein 90026, which is essential for growth and cell regeneration.It is a good replacement for fatty and cholesterol-rich meat and dairy products in one’s diet. Every 10 grams of spirulina can supply up to 70% of the minimum daily requirements for iron, and about three to four times of minimum daily requirements for vitamins A (in the form of beta carotene), B complex, D, and K. By itself, it does not contain vitamin C, but it helps maintain this vitamin’s potency. 90003 90018 GLA 90019 90002 Spirulina is rich in gamma-linolenic acid or GLA, a compound found in breast milk that helps develop healthier babies.Moreover, with its 90025 high digestibility 90026, spirulina has been proven to fight malnutrition in impoverished communities by helping the body absorb nutrients when it has lost its ability to absorb normal forms of food. 90003 90018 Increases stamina 90019 90002 Spirulina also increases stamina and immunity levels in athletes, and its 90025 high protein 90026 content helps build muscle mass. At the same time, it can curb hunger that may develop during the most demanding training routines.Thus, it indirectly acts as an effective way to maintain an athlete’s ideal body weight. 90003 90008 The Disease Fighter 90009 90002 As well as beta carotene, Spirulina contains other nutrients such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, selenium, and chromium. These nutrients help 90025 fight free radicals 90026, cell-damaging molecules absorbed by the body through pollution, poor diet, injury, or stress. By removing free radicals, the nutrients help the immune system fight cancer and cellular degeneration.In some findings, spirulina has helped reduce oral cancer tumors in laboratory rats, and may thus provide a big medical breakthrough in cancer treatment. 90003 90004 90005 90008 Cardiovascular benefits 90009 90002 Spirulina has the ability to reduce the bad cholesterol LDL in the body helps prevent the onset of cardiovascular diseases, such as hardening of the arteries and strokes. It also helps 90025 lower blood pressure 90026. While not clinically proven, spirulina may also protect against allergic reactions and liver infection.90003 90008 Supports digestive system 90009 90002 Research confirms spirulina promotes digestion and bowel function. It suppresses bad bacteria like e-coli and Candida yeast and stimulates beneficial flora like lactobacillus and bifidobacteria. Healthy flora is the foundation of good health and it increases absorption of nutrients from the foods we eat, and helps protect against infection. Spirulina builds healthy lactobacillus, aiding assimilation and elimination and relieving constipation.90003 90008 Removing Toxins 90009 90002 In 1994 a Russian Patent was awarded for spirulina as a medical food to reduce allergic reactions from radiation sickness. 270 Children of Chernobyl consuming 5 grams a day for 45 days (donated by Earthrise Farms), lowered radionuclides by 50%, and normalized allergic sensitivities. Today we are subject to an onslaught of toxic chemicals in our air, water, food and drugs. Our bodies need to continually eliminate these accumulated toxins. Spirulina has a completely unique combination of phytonutrients — including chlorophyll, phycocyanin and polysaccharides, that can help cleanse our bodies.90003 90008 How to Take Spirulina 90009 90002 Spirulina is now commercially available in tablet or powder form. Some health tonics contain spirulina as part of their ingredients. A simple daily regimen for spirulina involves taking a 500mg tablet four to six times daily. 90003 90002 Sources for these forms of spirulina are normally laboratory-grown. Harvesting spirulina from more natural settings has posed a challenge because of possible contamination from toxic substances that can not be removed from the product.Hopefully, more eco-friendly and safer ways to cultivate the algae can eventually be developed and perfected. 90003 .